The Formation and Establishment of the Scientific Category of "State Functions"

Abstract

"State functions" is the basic scientific category of the theory of state and law that was established in the legal science through the evolution of legal, political and philosophical thought. The study of the main activities (state functions) is possible only in combination with other categories, such as state aims and state tasks, the reconceptualization of which caused the establishment of the scientific category "state functions". The purpose of the article is an in-depth analysis of the evolution of legal and political thought about the aims, tasks and functions of the state, the result of which is reflected in the novelty, which is to establish at the scientific level, the ratio of aims, tasks and functions of the state in different historical periods, and the formation of "state functions" as an important scientific category, which ensures the implementation of the social purpose of the state. The establish and transformation of scientific views coincides with historical epochs, which corresponded to the realities characteristic of a certain historical period. The state aims responded to the real social status and remained a philosophical category, because they did not find practical implementation, which was explained by the low development of legal science, and the law was not the main regulator of social relations. The revolutionary period in the development of the doctrine of "state functions" was a Modern Period, which was characterized by the formation of constitutionalism and was associated with European law schools. In addition to the establishment of new categories, such as state tasks and state functions. Scientists of the Modern Period have been improved philosophical, abstract doctrine of the state goals and were laid the scientific foundations of a democratic, liberal, rule of law state. In the research of the state functions, the great importance had the work of domestic legal scholars of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, in which the whole state was finally formed as a political category, which is reflected in the aims, and should be implemented through the function. As of today, the aims and tasks have become correlated and express the social purpose of the state, which has found its consolidation at the constitutional level. "State functions", having a relationship with the tasks ensure the implementation of its social purpose