Conceptions of the national policies of higher education internationalization in European Union countries

Abstract

As internationalization becomes an increasing priority for higher education worldwide, national governments are implementing policies and programs to promote related activities in their countries Motivated by a variety of academic, economic, political, and social goals, governments in the EU are implementing policies and programs developed to enhance higher education internationalization. The purpose of this paper is to better understand national policies and programs for internationalization of higher education in a comparative context, examine issues of effectiveness, and consider the future and impact of such initiatives going forward. This paper analyses the government initiated higher education internationalization programs and policies in EU. Numerous policy examples presented, and issues surrounding implementation and effectiveness are considered. This paper categorizes such policies by primary activity type and discusses ey factors that can impact policy success.